[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:jg-adj-negative:ja:en":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":14,"desc":15,"desc_audio":9,"voices":16,"examples":17,"fills":48,"choices":49},"grammar","jg-adj-negative","Adjective Negation","elementary","i형용사와 na형용사의 부정형 (くない, じゃない)",null,false,[12,13],"i-adjectives + くない","na-adjectives + じゃない","Negative forms of i-adjectives and na-adjectives (くない, じゃない)","In English, we negate adjectives with \"not\" placed before them: \"not big,\" \"not expensive,\" \"not interesting.\" Japanese does something fundamentally different. Rather than treating adjectives as unchangeable modifiers that sit apart from the action, **Japanese adjectives are grammatical verbs**—they *conjugate* like verbs do. This means negation isn't done with a separate adverb; instead, the adjective itself transforms.\n\nWhen you negate an i-adjective (adjectives ending in い), you don't say \"not hot\" (like English). Instead, you **change the adjective's ending from `い` to `くない`**, creating a brand new i-adjective meaning \"is not hot.\" Think of it as the adjective shape-shifting entirely. This is crucial: `くない` isn't a modifier added onto an unchanged adjective—it IS the negated adjective form itself. The entire expression becomes a new adjective that can be conjugated further just like any other i-adjective (past tense: `くなかった`, polite: `くありません`, etc.).\n\n**Why does Japanese work this way?** Adjectives in Japanese carry the same grammatical weight as verbs in English do. They express a state or quality, and states\u002Fqualities need to be negated at their root, not just decorated with an external negative word. English separates the adjective from negation (`not` + `big`), but Japanese integrates negation into the adjective's conjugation system. This is why i-adjective negation follows the same principle as verb negation—they're both core grammatical actions that require internal conjugation, not external modification.",[],[18,23,28,33,38,43],{"en":19,"ko":20,"ko_audio":9,"audio":21,"audios":22},"このケーキは甘くない。","This cake is not sweet.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F58811547-9875-4126-afdc-4dd5000698ce.mp3",{},{"en":24,"ko":25,"ko_audio":9,"audio":26,"audios":27},"新しい靴ではなく、古い靴を持っています。","I have old shoes, not new ones.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F3f894113-17c4-4f7b-8cf7-7cf7a4738323.mp3",{},{"en":29,"ko":30,"ko_audio":9,"audio":31,"audios":32},"彼女はきれいじゃない。","She is not pretty.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F40af3268-9c4c-42fa-bb33-6fcbe068afd6.mp3",{},{"en":34,"ko":35,"ko_audio":9,"audio":36,"audios":37},"この部屋は静かじゃない。","This room is not quiet.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fcc1d9b6e-14e2-438a-8b28-892de6143190.mp3",{},{"en":39,"ko":40,"ko_audio":9,"audio":41,"audios":42},"私は背が高くない。","I am not tall.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F0391241d-0693-4ed5-80aa-206e16c3706b.mp3",{},{"en":44,"ko":45,"ko_audio":9,"audio":46,"audios":47},"その映画は面白くない。","That movie is not fun.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F7a678d67-28d7-4bc7-b16e-5a52cad3c82d.mp3",{},[],[50,62,73],{"ko":51,"options":52},"`高い`(크다)의 부정형은 어느 것입니까?",[53,55,58,60],{"t":54,"ok":10},"高いじゃない",{"t":56,"ok":57},"高くない",true,{"t":59,"ok":10},"高くない方",{"t":61,"ok":10},"高い不",{"ko":63,"options":64},"Na형용사 `有名`(유명한)의 부정형을 만들려면?",[65,67,69,71],{"t":66,"ok":10},"有名くない",{"t":68,"ok":57},"有名じゃない",{"t":70,"ok":10},"有名ない",{"t":72,"ok":10},"有名不",{"ko":74,"options":75},"i형용사의 부정형에서 `くない`를 붙인 후, 그 결과는 무엇입니까?",[76,78,80,82],{"t":77,"ok":10},"na형용사가 된다",{"t":79,"ok":10},"동사가 된다",{"t":81,"ok":57},"i형용사가 된다",{"t":83,"ok":10},"명사가 된다"]