[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:jg-mo-no:ja:en":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":14,"desc":15,"desc_audio":9,"voices":16,"examples":17,"fills":48,"choices":49},"grammar","jg-mo-no","Particles も·の","elementary","助詞「も」と「の」—添加と所有・名詞連結",null,false,[12,13],"Noun + も (addition, extra)","Noun₁ + の + Noun₂ (possession, relationship expression)","Particles 「も」 and 「の」 — Addition and Possession\u002FNoun Connection","English speakers struggle with Japanese particles because English **doesn't have them**—it relies on word order and prepositions instead. The particles `も` and `の` are **small function words that attach to nouns and clarify relationships** between words in a way English can't easily express.\n\n**`も` (mo) = \"also\u002Ftoo\u002Feven\"** — This particle adds the idea that something applies to multiple things, or that something happens in addition to something else. In English, we'd say \"also\" or \"too\" as a separate word, but Japanese *attaches* it directly to the noun. For example, \"I drink coffee\" + \"I drink tea also\" becomes わたしはコーヒーも飲みます in Japanese—the `も` sticks right to the noun it modifies. This **shows that the same action applies to multiple items in the speaker's mind**.\n\n**`の` (no) = possessive\u002Frelationship marker** — This is how Japanese shows that one noun *belongs to* or *relates to* another. English uses apostrophes and word order (\"John's book\"), but Japanese always uses `の`. Even more importantly, `の` works for any relationship: 日本の人 (person of\u002Ffrom Japan), 私の友達 (my friend), 猫の目 (cat's eyes). English speakers think of possessive as ownership only, but Japanese `の` is much **broader—it marks ANY relationship between two nouns**. This is why you'll see `の` in contexts where English would never use an apostrophe.\n\nThe deeper mindset shift: **English builds meaning through word order and separate words; Japanese builds meaning by attaching particles directly to nouns.** This makes Japanese grammar more explicit about relationships, even if it looks \"busier.\"",[],[18,23,28,33,38,43],{"en":19,"ko":20,"ko_audio":9,"audio":21,"audios":22},"私はコーヒーも好きです。","I like coffee too. (In addition to liking other things, I also like coffee)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F3838daa1-1e1f-4fa5-a4e4-da45320f91f9.mp3",{},{"en":24,"ko":25,"ko_audio":9,"audio":26,"audios":27},"りんごもみかんも食べます。","I eat both apples and oranges. (In addition to eating apples, I also eat oranges)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F7f69b3fd-bffe-4e48-8b24-d7ce63cdb541.mp3",{},{"en":29,"ko":30,"ko_audio":9,"audio":31,"audios":32},"これは田中さんの本です。","This is Tanaka's book. (A book owned by Tanaka)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Faeae902f-9438-4f6b-b7ef-8e74fd709de0.mp3",{},{"en":34,"ko":35,"ko_audio":9,"audio":36,"audios":37},"私の友達は学校の学生です。","My friend is a school student. (My friend + a student of the school)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F0af52499-ba44-4e3e-88ba-395921d75c9c.mp3",{},{"en":39,"ko":40,"ko_audio":9,"audio":41,"audios":42},"明日も仕事があります。","I have work tomorrow too. (I have work today, and also tomorrow)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F79a41caf-d42c-4b6c-ab83-801c502062f7.mp3",{},{"en":44,"ko":45,"ko_audio":9,"audio":46,"audios":47},"姉の友達の名前は何ですか。","What is your older sister's friend's name? (Your older sister's friend · that friend's name)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F087b8512-27f3-4a84-8ee4-a1cba6e0c7d4.mp3",{},[],[50,62,73],{"ko":51,"options":52},"「私は日本語も勉強します」の文で、「も」の役割は何ですか？",[53,55,58,60],{"t":54,"ok":10},"日本語を強調する",{"t":56,"ok":57},"日本語以外にも他の言語を勉強することを示す（追加の意）",true,{"t":59,"ok":10},"日本語だけを勉強することを示す",{"t":61,"ok":10},"日本語を否定する",{"ko":63,"options":64},"「先生の家」という表現で、「の」は何を示していますか？",[65,67,69,71],{"t":66,"ok":10},"先生が家を作る",{"t":68,"ok":57},"先生と家の関係性を表示する（所有・帰属）",{"t":70,"ok":10},"家が先生を所有する",{"t":72,"ok":10},"先生と家が同じ",{"ko":74,"options":75},"次の文で「も」と「の」がどのように使われていますか？「兄の友達も来ます」",[76,78,80,82],{"t":77,"ok":57},"「の」は関係性を示し、「も」は追加を表す（兄の友達が来て、さらに他の人も来る）",{"t":79,"ok":10},"「も」だけが重要で、「の」は不要",{"t":81,"ok":10},"両方とも同じ意味である",{"t":83,"ok":10},"「も」は関係性を示し、「の」は追加を表す"]