[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:jg-tsumori:ja:en":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":14,"desc":15,"desc_audio":9,"voices":16,"examples":17,"fills":48,"choices":49},"grammar","jg-tsumori","~tsumori (intention)","intermediate","~つもり로 의도와 계획 표현하기",null,false,[12,13],"Verb past tense (た) + つもり + です\u002Fである","Verb present tense + つもり + です\u002Fである","~つもり Expressing intentions and plans","**The Core Difference: Mindset vs. Objective Fact**\n\nIn English, when you say \"I will go,\" you're often stating an objective plan or a near-certain prediction. Japanese speakers, however, distinguish between what you **intend** to do and what will **actually happen**. The form `~つもり` captures this intentional, mental layer—it literally means \"with the intention of\" or \"planning to.\" This is why English speakers find it confusing: English doesn't grammatically force this distinction. You might say \"I'm going to the store,\" but Japanese speakers ask: *Are you definitely going, or just planning\u002Fintending to?*\n\n**Why This Matters in Japanese Culture and Language**\n\nJapanese places strong emphasis on **inner intention vs. outer reality**. This reflects a cultural value: acknowledging uncertainty and humility. By using `~つもり`, you're not claiming absolute certainty—you're sharing your **current intention or plan**. It's polite, honest, and realistic. Compare these two Japanese sentences:\n- 明日は行きます。(I **will** go tomorrow.) — sounds definite, almost like a promise\n- 明日は行くつもりです。(I **intend to** go tomorrow.) — acknowledges your plan, but admits life happens\n\n**How to Use It**\n\n`~つもり` attaches to the **plain form** of verbs (or noun + で, like 医者として = as a doctor) and means \"with the intention\u002Fplan to [do that action].\" You can also use it to express what someone else's intention was: 彼はその仕事を受けるつもりだったが、断った。(He *intended* to accept the job, but declined.) This past-tense use shows the **mental plan at that moment**, not what happened.\n\n**The Psychological Layer**\n\nEnglish lacks this grammatical distinction, so English learners often overstate certainty. Japanese makes you articulate: \"This is what I'm planning, but I'm human and things change.\" It's a small feature with big cultural roots.",[],[18,23,28,33,38,43],{"en":19,"ko":20,"ko_audio":9,"audio":21,"audios":22},"私は来年日本へ留学するつもりです。","I am planning to study abroad in Japan next year. (Already decided)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F670d80fc-ca6e-4825-8a17-9c7530fea4de.mp3",{},{"en":24,"ko":25,"ko_audio":9,"audio":26,"audios":27},"彼は大学を卒業したら、医者になるつもりだと言いました。","He said that he will become a doctor after graduating from college. (Already planned)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fa1bca6b8-132c-4d2d-97cf-ac6ff12cae1a.mp3",{},{"en":29,"ko":30,"ko_audio":9,"audio":31,"audios":32},"このプロジェクトを成功させるつもりで頑張っています。","I am working hard with the intention of making this project successful.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fa9fa10a5-a002-4bba-b5a1-ffa32674b703.mp3",{},{"en":34,"ko":35,"ko_audio":9,"audio":36,"audios":37},"週末は友達と映画を見に行くつもりなので、今から予約します。","I will go watch a movie with my friends on the weekend, so I will make a reservation starting now. (Already planned)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F05c27c1e-a050-45f4-9417-ea5c3319295a.mp3",{},{"en":39,"ko":40,"ko_audio":9,"audio":41,"audios":42},"私は毎日30分運動するつもりで、ジムに入会しました。","I registered at a gym with the intention of exercising for 30 minutes every day.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fb754154a-9551-4f9b-a3d4-7e2e990c7746.mp3",{},{"en":44,"ko":45,"ko_audio":9,"audio":46,"audios":47},"試験に合格するつもりで、毎日勉強しています。","I am studying every day with the intention of passing the exam.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F05cbb805-d63e-47dd-a5e2-30b094caf426.mp3",{},[],[50,62,73],{"ko":51,"options":52},"~つもり의 핵심 의미는 다음 중 무엇인가요?",[53,55,58,60],{"t":54,"ok":10},"단순한 미래의 행동 예측",{"t":56,"ok":57},"이미 마음속으로 정한 의도와 계획",true,{"t":59,"ok":10},"의무적으로 해야 할 일",{"t":61,"ok":10},"상대방의 제안이나 권유",{"ko":63,"options":64},"다음 중 ~つもり을 올바르게 사용한 문장은?",[65,67,69,71],{"t":66,"ok":10},"明日雨が降るつもりです。(내일 비가 올 거예요.)",{"t":68,"ok":57},"私は明日日本へ行くつもりです。(나는 내일 일본에 갈 거예요.)",{"t":70,"ok":10},"猫は走るつもりです。(고양이는 달릴 거예요.)",{"t":72,"ok":10},"電車が遅れるつもりです。(전철이 늦을 거예요.)",{"ko":74,"options":75},"한국어 '~할 거예요'와 일본어 '~するつもりです'의 가장 중요한 차이점은?",[76,78,80,82],{"t":77,"ok":10},"일본어가 더 정중한 표현이다",{"t":79,"ok":57},"일본어는 '이미 정한 상태'를 강조하고, 주체적 선택을 나타낸다",{"t":81,"ok":10},"한국어는 미래만, 일본어는 현재만 표현한다",{"t":83,"ok":10},"두 표현은 완전히 동일한 의미를 가진다"]