[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:jg-verb-groups:ja:en":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":15,"desc":16,"desc_audio":9,"voices":17,"examples":18,"fills":49,"choices":50},"grammar","jg-verb-groups","Verb Group 3","elementary","일본어 동사의 세 가지 종류와 구분법",null,false,[12,13,14],"**5-dan verbs**: End in ~う row (ex: 読む → 読まない)","**1-dan verbs**: End in ~る row (ex: 食べる → 食べない)","**Irregular verbs**: する\u002Fくる (ex: する → しない)","Three Types of Japanese Verbs and How to Distinguish Them","**Group 3 verbs are \"irregular\"** — they don't follow the predictable patterns of Group 1 or Group 2 verbs. In Japanese, there are only **two main Group 3 verbs**: `する` (to do) and `来る` (to come). English speakers often struggle with this because we're used to irregular verbs being scattered throughout our vocabulary (like \"go–went–gone\" or \"eat–ate–eaten\"). However, **Japanese contains almost NO irregular verbs** — just these two, which happen to be extremely common.\n\nWhy does this happen? Both `する` and `来る` are **ancient, high-frequency words** with deep roots in the language. Over centuries, these words evolved differently and didn't follow the phonetic rules that developed later for regular verbs. Instead of thinking \"these are exceptions to memorize,\" **think of them as foundational building blocks** with their own internal logic. The `する` family is crucial because it combines with nouns to create verbs: `べんきょう` (study-noun) + `する` = `べんきょうする` (to study as a verb). Similarly, `来る` maintains its unique shape because it's such an essential word for Japanese communication.\n\n**The key mindset shift**: English speakers expect irregular verbs to be unpredictable chaos. But Japanese irregularity is **minimal and contained**. Once you memorize these two verbs' conjugations, you've conquered nearly all Japanese irregularity. Most Japanese learners will spend far less time fighting irregular verb forms than English learners do. This is actually a **strength** of the Japanese system — predictability dominates, with just two outliers you'll use constantly and naturally internalize.",[],[19,24,29,34,39,44],{"en":20,"ko":21,"ko_audio":9,"audio":22,"audios":23},"私は毎日コーヒーを飲みます。","I drink coffee every day. (5-dan verb: 飲む)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Ffbb1598c-017c-4c71-95e8-d9a9ecfb4288.mp3",{},{"en":25,"ko":26,"ko_audio":9,"audio":27,"audios":28},"妹は公園で遊びます。","My younger sister plays in the park. (5-dan verb: 遊ぶ)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F057a0b5f-da51-4460-809b-ea8a0f31281d.mp3",{},{"en":30,"ko":31,"ko_audio":9,"audio":32,"audios":33},"兄は本を読みます。","My older brother reads a book. (5-dan verb: 読む)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F3f109924-14f0-45cc-8b67-e969dabedab0.mp3",{},{"en":35,"ko":36,"ko_audio":9,"audio":37,"audios":38},"私は毎日ご飯を食べます。","I eat rice every day. (1-dan verb: 食べる)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F097b4bc7-686b-4251-9297-fc7304eba256.mp3",{},{"en":40,"ko":41,"ko_audio":9,"audio":42,"audios":43},"彼女は日本語を勉強します。","She studies Japanese. (Irregular: する)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Ffd7ab7da-f506-4620-9ccf-694b5a6bb4bd.mp3",{},{"en":45,"ko":46,"ko_audio":9,"audio":47,"audios":48},"母は学校から来ます。","Mother comes from school. (Irregular: くる)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F3357f659-536d-48ff-851c-d9898a489638.mp3",{},[],[51,61,70],{"ko":52,"options":53},"「飲む」(마시다)는 어느 동사 종류입니까?",[54,57,59],{"t":55,"ok":56},"5단 동사",true,{"t":58,"ok":10},"1단 동사",{"t":60,"ok":10},"불규칙 동사",{"ko":62,"options":63},"1단 동사를 구분하는 가장 중요한 특징은 무엇입니까?",[64,66,68],{"t":65,"ok":10},"う로 끝나는 것",{"t":67,"ok":56},"る로 끝나고 る 앞이 모음(え)인 것",{"t":69,"ok":10},"する 또는 くる",{"ko":71,"options":72},"다음 중 불규칙 동사는 몇 개입니까? する、読む、くる、食べる",[73,75,77],{"t":74,"ok":10},"1개",{"t":76,"ok":56},"2개",{"t":78,"ok":10},"3개"]