[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:kg-l-ttae:ko:en":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":8,"desc":14,"desc_audio":9,"voices":15,"examples":16,"fills":53,"choices":54},"grammar","kg-l-ttae","-ㄹ 때 (When)","intermediate","Using (으)ㄹ 때 to express 'when' for future\u002Fhabitual situations",null,false,[12,13],"Verb stem + (으)ㄹ 때 + main clause","noun + 때 + main clause (for specific time)","The `~ㄹ 때` and `~할 때` constructions express a **temporal relationship between two actions or states**, but they work fundamentally differently from English \"when\" clauses. English speakers typically think of \"when\" as simply marking a point in time—a neutral temporal connection. Korean, however, embeds **aspect and action flow** into this structure, distinguishing between actions that *will happen* versus actions *in progress*.\n\nThe key difference: **English \"when\" is passive about time; Korean `~할 때` is active about how actions relate**. In Korean, `~할 때` doesn't just say \"at the time that X happens\"—it says \"during the period in which X is happening or about to happen.\" This reflects a **consequential, processual thinking**: Korean speakers conceptualize time as *lived experience* rather than abstract points on a timeline. When you say `밥을 먹을 때`, you're not marking a neutral moment; you're describing the *whole span of eating*, the action's natural flow from start to finish.\n\nAdditionally, `~ㄹ 때` often carries a **prospective or hypothetical sense**—it refers to an anticipated or general moment, while `~할 때` emphasizes the **ongoing nature of an action** and often appears in habitual or continuous contexts. English flattens both into a single \"when,\" but Korean forces you to choose: are you describing something happening in *potential\u002Fgeneral time* (`ㄹ 때`) or *actually unfolding* (`할 때`)? This distinction trains learners to think about **how actions unfold over time**, not just when they occur—a core feature of Korean's action-centered grammar philosophy.",[],[17,23,29,35,41,47],{"en":18,"ko":19,"ko_audio":20,"audio":21,"audios":22},"밥을 먹을 때 휴대폰을 사용하면 안 돼요.","When eating (in general\u002Fas a habit), you shouldn't use your phone.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fca781caf-7d1b-40b6-9e86-424491b0e438.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F83d64de6-9ac8-4578-a156-3248bc321758.mp3",{},{"en":24,"ko":25,"ko_audio":26,"audio":27,"audios":28},"날씨가 좋을 때 공원에 가요.","When the weather is nice (whenever it's nice), I go to the park.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F26e33fda-6f4b-4970-a22e-1e94d466a69d.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fec896b23-9042-455a-97d3-03d1d1e6344b.mp3",{},{"en":30,"ko":31,"ko_audio":32,"audio":33,"audios":34},"집에 올 때 우유를 사와 주세요.","When you come home (next time you come), please buy milk.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Ffd43a8cc-0912-4a8f-b927-57972cc79dc7.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F86609b0b-9270-4e08-b8c6-682b9a6ef9e4.mp3",{},{"en":36,"ko":37,"ko_audio":38,"audio":39,"audios":40},"새로운 단어를 배울 때 노트에 써요.","When learning new vocabulary (as a habit), I write it in my notebook.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fb425f728-0c47-4737-825d-74dba4a93b68.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F1b684c64-ffdc-4295-a68a-c0264b48f43a.mp3",{},{"en":42,"ko":43,"ko_audio":44,"audio":45,"audios":46},"음악을 들을 때가 제일 행복해요.","The time when I listen to music is when I'm happiest (listening to music is my happiest moment).","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fde44378a-dd88-4934-ac57-a927c5f46023.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F83cb3265-c2f7-4b58-b429-c145bd1c7d8f.mp3",{},{"en":48,"ko":49,"ko_audio":50,"audio":51,"audios":52},"어려울 때는 친구에게 물어봐요.","When it's difficult (whenever difficulty arises), I ask my friend.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F31e20693-b19d-45c4-8489-2fdccd3e5e17.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F34163c2d-3d38-41b4-bd02-d87569fe83ac.mp3",{},[],[55,67,78],{"ko":56,"options":57},"Why does Korean use `-(으)ㄹ 때` instead of simply using past tense like English 'when'?",[58,60,63,65],{"t":59,"ok":10},"Because Korean verbs must always be in future tense",{"t":61,"ok":62},"Because `-(으)ㄹ 때` frames the situation as a condition, habit, or prospective scenario—not a completed past moment—reflecting how Korean speakers think about temporal relationships",true,{"t":64,"ok":10},"Because Korean doesn't have a past tense form for 'when'",{"t":66,"ok":10},"Because it's more polite than using past tense",{"ko":68,"options":69},"Which sentence correctly uses `(으)ㄹ 때` with the right meaning?",[70,72,74,76],{"t":71,"ok":10},"내가 어제 학교에 갈 때 친구를 만났어요. (When I went to school yesterday, I met a friend.)",{"t":73,"ok":62},"비가 올 때 우산을 가져가세요. (When it rains\u002Fwhenever it rains, take an umbrella.)",{"t":75,"ok":10},"그 사람을 본 때 인사했어요. (When I saw that person, I greeted them.)",{"t":77,"ok":10},"Both A and C are correct",{"ko":79,"options":80},"What is the main difference between thinking about 'when' in English vs. Korean?",[81,83,85,87],{"t":82,"ok":62},"English speakers think of 'when' as a time marker only; Korean speakers use `(으)ㄹ 때` to ask themselves whether they're describing a real, observable moment or a habit\u002Fcondition\u002Ffuture possibility",{"t":84,"ok":10},"English has no way to express habitual situations",{"t":86,"ok":10},"Korean 'when' is always about past events",{"t":88,"ok":10},"There is no meaningful difference; both languages work the same way"]