[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:kg-haeyo:ko:en":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":8,"desc":14,"desc_audio":9,"voices":15,"examples":16,"fills":53,"choices":54},"grammar","kg-haeyo","Polite form (~polite)","beginner","Polite Present Tense (아요\u002F어요\u002F해요) and Vowel Harmony",null,false,[12,13],"Verb stem + 아요\u002F어요\u002F해요 (depending on vowel harmony)","Adjective stem + 아요\u002F어요\u002F해요 (same rule)","The `해요체` (아요\u002F어요) is fundamentally different from English because **Korean requires speakers to choose a speech level every time they speak**, while English has no such requirement. When an English speaker says \"I go,\" the sentence is complete and neutral. But in Korean, you *must* decide: Am I speaking to someone close and informal (반말), or to someone I'm being friendly and polite with (`해요체`), or to someone I respect (존댓말)? This is **not optional—it's mandatory**.\n\nThe logic behind `아요\u002F어요` is that it softens statements and adds a conversational tone. Think of it as the Korean equivalent of \"I go, you know?\" or \"I'm going\" in English—it's casual but respectful, used between friends, in shops, or in everyday situations where you're not trying to be formal but aren't being rude either. **The speech level you choose reflects your relationship with the listener, not just grammatical form.**\n\nHow does it differ from English thinking? English speakers must **learn that sentence completion is relative in Korean**. In English, \"I eat\" is complete. In Korean, `먹어요` is complete, but it *signals* a specific social relationship. If you use `먹어` (반말) with your teacher, you've been rude. If you use `먹겠습니다` (존댓말) with your best friend, you've been distant. The form you choose **is the message**, not just a grammar wrapper.\n\nThe suffix `아\u002F어` appears because **Korean vowel harmony** requires the suffix to match the vowel sound of the verb stem. After bright vowels (아, 오, 우), you use `아요`. After other vowels (이, 에, 에, ㅣ), you use `어요`. This might seem like an arbitrary rule, but it's part of Korean's elegant system—everything flows together smoothly based on what came before.",[],[17,23,29,35,41,47],{"en":18,"ko":19,"ko_audio":20,"audio":21,"audios":22},"저는 매일 학교에 가요.","I go to school every day.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Ff768ad8c-d0d3-4135-bd0a-550c5bbb8111.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F4eb60145-8611-42a9-b4dd-60483737f638.mp3",{},{"en":24,"ko":25,"ko_audio":26,"audio":27,"audios":28},"그 영화는 정말 재미있어요.","That movie is really interesting.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fcdf7dc0b-7fc4-4b14-a77a-cc923668d93d.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F6eef2456-545f-4bb6-a443-5f125b76b0f2.mp3",{},{"en":30,"ko":31,"ko_audio":32,"audio":33,"audios":34},"엄마는 요리를 잘 해요.","My mother cooks well.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fde8aa073-6dbf-47be-a153-a01cf2795d2b.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fd413e5d5-a4f1-4881-bbd5-0df47e3c6531.mp3",{},{"en":36,"ko":37,"ko_audio":38,"audio":39,"audios":40},"우리는 한국어를 공부해요.","We study Korean.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fdd2ccbb3-b8ce-467c-bcab-432ff3ce4758.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F370f583e-1b6c-4c62-8b00-a5d975ca788b.mp3",{},{"en":42,"ko":43,"ko_audio":44,"audio":45,"audios":46},"이 커피는 너무 비싸요.","This coffee is too expensive.","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F397b0de2-9ba4-4299-95cc-45560bd29524.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fb048c7f6-23c1-4034-8486-615df545ea4c.mp3",{},{"en":48,"ko":49,"ko_audio":50,"audio":51,"audios":52},"너는 내일 뭐 해요?","What are you doing tomorrow?","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fbb76188b-66fe-4acc-9ed9-5c2ea11d54f2.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fccb3cb0a-f00f-4612-b6a2-09175f527238.mp3",{},[],[55,65,74],{"ko":56,"options":57},"Which ending should you use after a verb stem ending in a dark vowel like 어 or 우?",[58,60,63],{"t":59,"ok":10},"아요",{"t":61,"ok":62},"어요",true,{"t":64,"ok":10},"해요",{"ko":66,"options":67},"What is the primary reason for vowel harmony in Korean?",[68,70,72],{"t":69,"ok":62},"To make words sound smoother and more natural",{"t":71,"ok":10},"To indicate the subject of the sentence",{"t":73,"ok":10},"To show politeness levels",{"ko":75,"options":76},"The verb 하다 becomes ___ in the polite present tense.",[77,79,81],{"t":78,"ok":10},"하아요",{"t":80,"ok":10},"하어요",{"t":64,"ok":62}]