[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:gr-imperative:en:ja":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":14,"desc":15,"desc_audio":16,"voices":17,"examples":18,"fills":55,"choices":56},"grammar","gr-imperative","命令文","beginner","명령문으로 지시하고 요청하기",null,false,[12,13],"動詞原形 + (目的語\u002F副詞) (肯定命令)","Don't + 動詞原形 + (目的語\u002F副詞) (否定命令)","命令文で指示して要求する","英語の**命令文**は、日本語話者にとって非常に理解しにくい概念です。理由は、英語では**主語が完全に消える**からです。`Open the door`と言う時、「あなたが」という主語が文法的に存在しないのに、それが「あなた」だと暗黙の了解になっています。一方、日本語では「ドアを開けて」と言っても、主語は省略されていますが、英語ほど極端ではなく、**むしろ「させてください」という丁寧さが組み込まれています**。\n\n英語の命令文が機能する理由は、**文が「誰が」という主語を必要としないから**です。これは英語が非常に直接的で、**実行者（you）が常に理解されている文化的背景**を持っているためです。命令文は「あなた」に直接話しかけているので、わざわざ主語を言う必要がないのです。`Don't touch that!`は「君は触るな」ではなく、その場面に直接対応する**即座の指示**として機能します。\n\n日本語では命令文があっても敬語や丁寧さの層があります。一方、英語の命令文は**時と場合によって形は変わらない**のが特徴です。`Stop!`（止まりなさい）と`Help me, please.`（助けてください）という対比を見ると、英語では**形は同じ`助動詞なし+動詞の原形`ですが、文脈や`please`で敬意を調整する**ことになります。これが日本語話者にとって最大の違いです。命令文は「失礼」ではなく、**相手への親密さと信頼を示す表現**なのです。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fexplain_audio\u002F5604003f-42b5-48b1-8d13-043cfe8d6a0f.mp3",[],[19,25,31,37,43,49],{"en":20,"ko":21,"ko_audio":22,"audio":23,"audios":24},"Open the window, please.","窓を開けてください。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F03c3f860-3efb-42dd-9b3f-c1d9166e9323.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F5f6d6f6e-f18d-42e6-bc19-cfca191a1801.mp3",{},{"en":26,"ko":27,"ko_audio":28,"audio":29,"audios":30},"Sit down and listen carefully.","座ってよく聞いてください。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F6164b534-dc13-4783-9cc4-7ce4b6b44137.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fba317543-6d36-4ce5-9f6e-3d331f3199f0.mp3",{},{"en":32,"ko":33,"ko_audio":34,"audio":35,"audios":36},"Don't touch that!","それに触らないでください。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F58fa4c12-4bdb-422d-81f6-e4604ff0baa5.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Ff8623b65-3e4d-4fe6-acc1-e1f199bea0ff.mp3",{},{"en":38,"ko":39,"ko_audio":40,"audio":41,"audios":42},"Turn left at the traffic light.","信号機で左に曲がってください。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Febe88037-3772-4b7f-8d92-25151882eec4.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F1cd51309-dd28-40a9-8e19-7dfc1799f43e.mp3",{},{"en":44,"ko":45,"ko_audio":46,"audio":47,"audios":48},"Don't be late for class.","授業に遅刻しないでください。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fa3ecfeec-2c66-41b1-87a0-14aeaa7ba164.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fe3471630-6e0f-43f2-aac5-c31844586ee0.mp3",{},{"en":50,"ko":51,"ko_audio":52,"audio":53,"audios":54},"Write your name at the top of the paper.","紙の一番上に名前を書いてください。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F4334388e-c2c2-4c69-85c7-2bb45ebec0c8.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Ff2bbf83f-12f8-4227-881c-6e277f9b5ce1.mp3",{},[],[57,69,80],{"ko":58,"options":59},"영어 명령문에서 주어(you)가 생략되는 이유는 무엇인가요?",[60,62,65,67],{"t":61,"ok":10},"영어에는 주어가 필요 없기 때문이다",{"t":63,"ok":64},"듣는 사람이 'you'인 것이 명백하므로 숨기는 것이다",true,{"t":66,"ok":10},"명령문은 동사만으로 이루어진 특별한 문장이기 때문이다",{"t":68,"ok":10},"주어를 쓰면 문법 오류이기 때문이다",{"ko":70,"options":71},"다음 중 올바른 영어 명령문은 어느 것인가요?",[72,74,76,78],{"t":73,"ok":10},"You close the door.",{"t":75,"ok":10},"Closes the door.",{"t":77,"ok":64},"Close the door.",{"t":79,"ok":10},"Closing the door.",{"ko":81,"options":82},"\"수업 시간에 뛰지 마세요.\" 를 영어로 가장 올바르게 표현한 것은?",[83,85,87,89],{"t":84,"ok":10},"You don't run in class.",{"t":86,"ok":64},"Don't run in class.",{"t":88,"ok":10},"Not run in class.",{"t":90,"ok":10},"Do not you run in class."]