[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:gr-mustnt-donthaveto:en:ja":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":14,"desc":15,"desc_audio":16,"voices":17,"examples":18,"fills":55,"choices":56},"grammar","gr-mustnt-donthaveto","must not \u002F don't have to","intermediate","금지와 의무 해제의 차이: must not vs don't have to",null,false,[12,13],"禁止: `must not` + 動詞の原形","義務免除: `don't\u002Fdoesn't have to` + 動詞の原形","禁止と義務免除の違い: must not vs don't have to","英語の `must not` と `don't have to` は、一見似ていますが、全く違う意味を持ちます。日本語話者がここで戸惑う理由は、日本語に「禁止」と「不要」の区別が文法的に明確でないからです。\n\n**`must not` は「してはいけません」という強い禁止です**。これは外部からの命令や規則、または道徳的な禁止を表します。「やってはダメ」「絶対にするな」という強い否定の意思です。一方、**`don't have to` は「する必要がありません」という単なる不要の表現です**。これは「やらなくてもいい」「やる義務がない」という意味で、禁止ではなく、オプションを示しています。\n\n日本語では「~してはいけない」と「~する必要がない」の違いは文脈や文末表現で示されることが多く、一つの文法形式で完結しません。しかし英語では、`must not`（強い禁止）と`don't have to`（義務がない、つまり自由）という**二つの全く異なるモーダル表現で、話者の意図を直接的に表現します**。\n\n重要なのは、この区別は「ルール」ではなく、**話者の思考様式の違いです**。英語話者は「これはダメなのか、それともやらなくてもいいのか」を明確に区別する習慣があります。これは自分の行動の自由度と責任をはっきり認識する文化的背景があるからです。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fexplain_audio\u002F29daee73-ef0f-4c68-8295-01fc11eeb9c8.mp3",[],[19,25,31,37,43,49],{"en":20,"ko":21,"ko_audio":22,"audio":23,"audios":24},"You must not drive without a license.","免許なしで運転してはいけません。(禁止\u002F法規)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F843eccf6-9aeb-4980-a395-2d263759cd8f.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fa8f451a0-99c5-4597-a416-34a040cea4ec.mp3",{},{"en":26,"ko":27,"ko_audio":28,"audio":29,"audios":30},"You don't have to go to the party if you don't want to.","パーティーに行きたくなければ、行かなくてもいいです。(義務なし\u002F選択可能)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F74146b33-f16c-46d6-a7e3-afe89589f47a.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F15a3e327-90b1-489c-b49a-83d7ac9461a7.mp3",{},{"en":32,"ko":33,"ko_audio":34,"audio":35,"audios":36},"Students must not cheat during exams.","学生は試験中に不正行為をしてはいけません。(明確な禁止)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fdcf47d63-2ec7-47a2-901c-c31eff4630d5.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Faa441a2a-169c-4ecc-afbd-abfaec2b8586.mp3",{},{"en":38,"ko":39,"ko_audio":40,"audio":41,"audios":42},"You don't have to wear formal clothes to the meeting.","その会議で正装を着る必要はありません。(選択的)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F3a26c610-f983-4e32-ae43-b0844c17d04e.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fa502be5b-c645-4dcb-9f71-9fe838a494ad.mp3",{},{"en":44,"ko":45,"ko_audio":46,"audio":47,"audios":48},"Employees must not use company equipment for personal reasons.","従業員は会社の機器を個人目的で使用してはいけません。(職場ルール)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fc36040e3-6fa6-462b-be37-66f9196bfa9c.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F4b533b3b-fba7-408c-bc15-7b0252cad88a.mp3",{},{"en":50,"ko":51,"ko_audio":52,"audio":53,"audios":54},"You don't have to finish this project today.","今日、このプロジェクトを終わらせる必要はありません。(期限延長\u002Fプレッシャー解除)","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F7ce74893-c00f-4eb1-8f53-f408205c8b61.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F76dea4eb-1fd9-46af-86b4-ef83eb317eaa.mp3",{},[],[57,69,80],{"ko":58,"options":59},"다음 중 'must not'의 정확한 의미는?",[60,62,65,67],{"t":61,"ok":10},"할 필요가 없다 (선택사항)",{"t":63,"ok":64},"절대로 하면 안 된다 (금지)",true,{"t":66,"ok":10},"하고 싶으면 해도 된다",{"t":68,"ok":10},"나중에 해도 된다",{"ko":70,"options":71},"'You don't have to wear a suit to the office' 문장의 의미는?",[72,74,76,78],{"t":73,"ok":10},"사무실에서 정장을 입으면 안 된다 (금지)",{"t":75,"ok":64},"정장을 입을 의무가 없다 (선택 가능)",{"t":77,"ok":10},"정장을 입어야 한다 (의무)",{"t":79,"ok":10},"사무실에 가지 않아도 된다",{"ko":81,"options":82},"다음 문장 중 어느 것이 '강한 금지(prohibition)'를 나타내는가?",[83,85,87,89],{"t":84,"ok":10},"You don't have to arrive early.",{"t":86,"ok":64},"You must not touch the paintings in the museum.",{"t":88,"ok":10},"You don't have to call before visiting.",{"t":90,"ok":10},"You don't have to drink coffee."]