[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:gr-ever-never:en:ja":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":14,"desc":15,"desc_audio":16,"voices":17,"examples":18,"fills":55,"choices":56},"grammar","gr-ever-never","ever \u002F never (経験)","intermediate","인생 경험을 표현하는 현재완료와 ever\u002Fnever의 차이",null,false,[12,13],"Have\u002FHas + 主語 + ever + 動詞原形 + ?","主語 + have\u002Fhas + never + 過去分詞 + 目的語","人生経験を表現する現在完了とever\u002Fneverの違い","英語の`ever`と`never`は、**人生全体または今までの経験**を表すために使われます。これは日本語の考え方と大きく異なります。\n\n日本語では「行ったことがありますか？」と聞く場合、文法的に時間や頻度を明確に区別しません。しかし英語では、**人生経験として存在するかどうか**という概念が非常に重要です。`Have you ever been to Tokyo?`は「今までの人生の中で、東京に行ったという経験がありますか？」という問い方で、過去の特定の時点ではなく、**経験の有無**を尋ねています。\n\n日本人学習者が理解しにくい理由は、日本語に「ever（いつでも、どんな時でも）」という概念がないからです。代わりに日本語は「〜たことがある」という完了形を使いますが、これは単なる文法形式であって、英語の`have ever`が持つ**「人生全体を視野に入れた経験」**という思考法がありません。つまり、英語話者は「あなたの人生全体を見て、東京という場所を経験したことがありますか？」と聞いているのです。\n\n`Never`は`have never + 過去分詞`の形で「絶対に〜したことがない」を意味します。これは`not ever`と同じですが、より強い否定の印象を与えます。「〜したことが一度もない」という**完全な否定**を表し、過去から現在まで、その経験が全くないという状態を示しています。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fexplain_audio\u002F90be137d-0721-409f-8060-12ac2a10f208.mp3",[],[19,25,31,37,43,49],{"en":20,"ko":21,"ko_audio":22,"audio":23,"audios":24},"Have you ever tried sushi?","あなたはこれまでに寿司を食べたことがありますか？","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F5669dfe0-8415-40be-b553-1a2d5f128794.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fdadf179c-0d23-4dcd-a559-de1cedcdc736.mp3",{},{"en":26,"ko":27,"ko_audio":28,"audio":29,"audios":30},"I have never been to Japan, but I'd like to go someday.","私はこれまで日本に行ったことがありませんが、いつか行きたいです。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fcc73f5bd-6c2c-41c0-9a99-dbb2ee5c8d65.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F149b7964-5a5b-4f08-81b7-ae5312db600c.mp3",{},{"en":32,"ko":33,"ko_audio":34,"audio":35,"audios":36},"She has ever won a competition in her life.","彼女は人生で競争に勝ったことがあります。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fa873b49c-c3a1-4985-ba40-40140879063d.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F936a330f-c9bc-4421-a0fa-741d0412f405.mp3",{},{"en":38,"ko":39,"ko_audio":40,"audio":41,"audios":42},"Has he ever worked in a restaurant?","彼はこれまでにレストランで働いたことがありますか？","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Ff250f3be-1d14-41f6-bfc3-ceb70a38c85e.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fad6ceb84-0aec-4adf-a07c-15bf4e2acf65.mp3",{},{"en":44,"ko":45,"ko_audio":46,"audio":47,"audios":48},"They have never seen such a beautiful sunset before.","彼らはこれまでにそんなに美しい夕焼けを見たことがありません。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Ff263cab7-0cec-4722-971c-3509a7223ee2.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fb257ffc3-f6d4-4aab-8136-24503eff4859.mp3",{},{"en":50,"ko":51,"ko_audio":52,"audio":53,"audios":54},"Have you ever made a serious mistake at work?","あなたは仕事で深刻な間違いをしたことがありますか？","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F1e06417e-5888-41b0-94df-54d7cc67dcee.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F48ae20a0-4f79-4fc1-ad7c-16dc4e6017a9.mp3",{},[],[57,69,80],{"ko":58,"options":59},"다음 중 인생 경험을 묻는 가장 자연스러운 현재완료 표현은?",[60,63,65,67],{"t":61,"ok":62},"Have you ever lived abroad?",true,{"t":64,"ok":10},"Did you ever live abroad?",{"t":66,"ok":10},"Do you ever live abroad?",{"t":68,"ok":10},"Are you ever living abroad?",{"ko":70,"options":71},"`I have never eaten Thai food` 문장의 의미로 가장 가까운 것은?",[72,74,76,78],{"t":73,"ok":10},"나는 어제 태국 음식을 먹지 않았다.",{"t":75,"ok":62},"나는 지금까지의 인생에서 태국 음식을 먹어본 적이 한 번도 없다.",{"t":77,"ok":10},"나는 보통 태국 음식을 먹지 않는다.",{"t":79,"ok":10},"내가 태국 음식을 먹을 수 없다.",{"ko":81,"options":82},"한국어 \"영화 본 적 있니?\"를 가장 자연스럽게 영어로 표현하려면?",[83,85,87,89],{"t":84,"ok":10},"Did you see a movie?",{"t":86,"ok":62},"Have you ever seen this movie?",{"t":88,"ok":10},"Do you see movies?",{"t":90,"ok":10},"Will you see a movie?"]