[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"pubgrp:kg-neunde:ko:ja":3},{"type":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"level":7,"goal":8,"image_path":9,"is_locked":10,"is_daily_free":10,"formula":11,"gloss":14,"desc":15,"desc_audio":16,"voices":17,"examples":18,"fills":55,"choices":56},"grammar","kg-neunde","는데（背景・対比）","intermediate","는데\u002F은데 to give background or soft contrast",null,false,[12,13],"動詞の語幹 + は (現在\u002F習慣的) \u002F た\u002Fた는데 (過去)","形容詞の語幹 + い (記述的状態) \u002F た (過去の状態)","は\u002Fですが 背景や柔らかい対比を与えるため","# 한국어 「는데」の本質的な使い方\n\n日本語話者にとって、韓国語の「는데」は難しい概念です。なぜなら、日本語には**背景・対比を同時に表現する統一的な文法がない**からです。日本語は背景と対比を別々の表現で処理しますが、韓国語は「는데」でこれらを**一つの思考の流れ**として統合します。\n\n## なぜ韓国語では「는데」が必要なのか？\n\n「는데」の本質は、**「今、こういう状況・背景があるのだが、そこから何かが起こる」という連続的な思考展開**です。日本語では「〜けれど」「〜が」「〜から」など複数の表現に分かれますが、韓国語話者の頭の中では「는데」は**一つの心理的プロセス**を表しています。\n\n- **背景設定** : 文脈や状況を説明する\n- **対比・転換**: その背景に対して、予想外のことや異なることが起こる\n- **感情的なトーン**: 単なる情報ではなく、「だからこそ重要」という話者の意思が含まれる\n\n例えば、`날씨가 좋은데 왜 안 와?`(天気もいいのに、なぜ来ないの？) という文では、「いい天気」という好ましい背景があるにもかかわらず、相手が来ていない対比が同時に表現されています。日本語では「いいのに」「だから」「けれど」など複数の訳し方が必要ですが、韓国語は「는데」で**思考の流れ自体**を一度に示します。\n\n## 日本語との最大の違い\n\n日本語には**対比や条件を「は」や「けれど」で表す**という習慣があります。しかし韓国語の「는데」は、単なる対比ではなく、**話者がその背景を「心に留めながら」次の内容を述べている**という心理状態を表します。つまり、背景が「常に意識の中にある」という違いです。\n\n韓国語話者は「는데」を使うことで、「この背景が頭にあるから、だからこそこういう疑問や要求や驚きを述べている」というメッセージを伝えています。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fexplain_audio\u002F7929b62f-07e3-40c3-96c2-9d26992f06a7.mp3",[],[19,25,31,37,43,49],{"en":20,"ko":21,"ko_audio":22,"audio":23,"audios":24},"오늘 날씨가 좋은데 공원에 가시겠어요?","今日の天気がいいのに、公園に行きませんか？","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fae60c636-7c7f-41f2-8926-8ead2158d048.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F1902dffc-334a-4a2b-bacd-b0f1ef7a0b75.mp3",{},{"en":26,"ko":27,"ko_audio":28,"audio":29,"audios":30},"제 친구가 서울에 사는데 자주 못 만나요.","私の友達がソウルに住んでいるのに、よく会えません。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fef8a604b-4163-4ff3-852e-dd00bfb4108a.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fbbd7c57f-e0a8-4ad9-b820-65810dbc5c47.mp3",{},{"en":32,"ko":33,"ko_audio":34,"audio":35,"audios":36},"어제 영화를 봤는데 정말 재미있었어요.","昨日映画を見たのに、本当に面白かったです。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F39e7216c-541c-411c-b065-6d8954acdbae.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fa5b575ed-9844-4e4b-a1b3-ad68a2d1c9c7.mp3",{},{"en":38,"ko":39,"ko_audio":40,"audio":41,"audios":42},"이 카페가 조용한데 공부하기에 좋아요.","このカフェが静かなのに、勉強するのに良いです。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F506133c1-2c49-4f32-a272-b28294e92a95.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002Fa79119ee-ba9d-457c-a6c4-7539893fc818.mp3",{},{"en":44,"ko":45,"ko_audio":46,"audio":47,"audios":48},"신발이 너무 비싼데 품질은 좋네요.","靴がとても高いのに、品質は良いですね。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002F9dda3186-d5fe-4e93-b5fe-c1e55ba311d6.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F4a07e482-6e47-405e-a006-0e03d3189cbe.mp3",{},{"en":50,"ko":51,"ko_audio":52,"audio":53,"audios":54},"그 학생은 어린데 매우 똑똑해요.","その学生は若いのに、とても賢いです。","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Ftrans_audio\u002Fcfb227da-9c0e-4e60-9ae8-aa4ed6723fad.mp3","https:\u002F\u002Fpub-96bedcbbfd0f4e5d82c4505745cced9c.r2.dev\u002Fblock_audio\u002F1f452df9-9f38-417c-8fac-5c7d26e1c8fa.mp3",{},[],[57,69,80],{"ko":58,"options":59},"When you use `는데`, you are ___.",[60,62,65,67],{"t":61,"ok":10},"dismissing the first idea and moving to a new one",{"t":63,"ok":64},"suspending your thought and setting up background context",true,{"t":66,"ok":10},"making a definitive statement about one fact",{"t":68,"ok":10},"ending a sentence and starting a completely unrelated one",{"ko":70,"options":71},"Which sentence correctly uses `은데`?",[72,74,76,78],{"t":73,"ok":10},"그는 학생은데 아주 바빠요. (He is a student and very busy.)",{"t":75,"ok":64},"그는 학생인데 아주 바빠요. (He is a student and very busy.)",{"t":77,"ok":10},"그는 학생는데 아주 바빠요. (He is a student and very busy.)",{"t":79,"ok":10},"그는 학생했는데 아주 바빠요. (He is a student and very busy.)",{"ko":81,"options":82},"Which of the following best describes the difference between English \"but\" and Korean `는데\u002F은데`?",[83,85,87,89],{"t":84,"ok":10},"They mean exactly the same thing.",{"t":86,"ok":10},"`는데\u002F은데` is stronger and more emphatic than \"but\".",{"t":88,"ok":64},"English \"but\" negates or dismisses the first idea, while `는데\u002F은데` acknowledges it and holds it as background context.",{"t":90,"ok":10},"Korean doesn't actually use `는데\u002F은데` for contrast at all."]